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Reginald Fitz Jocelin
Reginald fitz Jocelin (sometimes Reginald Italus, Richard the Lombard, or Reginald Lombardus; died 26 December 1191) was a medieval Bishop of Bath and an Archbishop of Canterbury-elect in England. A member of an Anglo-Norman noble family, he was the son of a bishop, and was educated in Italy. He was a household clerk for Thomas Becket, but by 1167 he was serving King Henry II of England. He was also a favourite of King Louis VII of France, who had him appointed abbot of the Abbey of Corbeil. After Reginald angered Becket while attempting to help negotiate a settlement between Becket and the king, Becket called him "that offspring of fornication, that enemy to the peace of the Church, that traitor."〔Quoted in Warren ''Henry II'' p. 535〕 When he was elected as a bishop, the election was challenged by King Henry's eldest son, Henry the Young King, and Reginald was forced to go to Rome to be confirmed by Pope Alexander III. He attended the Third Lateran Council in 1179, and spent much of his time administering his diocese. He was elected Archbishop of Canterbury in 1191, but died before he could be installed.
==Early life==
Reginald was the son of Josceline de Bohon, the Bishop of Salisbury, although he was possibly born before his father became a priest.〔Warren ''Henry II'' p. 535〕 Reginald was a great-great-grandson of Humphrey de Bohun, one of the companions of William the Conqueror.〔Spear "Norman Empire and the Secular Clergy" ''Journal of British Studies'' p. 4〕 Some sources say that he was born while his father was studying law in Italy. His uncle Richard de Bohon was Bishop of Coutances from 1151 to 1180.〔Barlow ''Thomas Becket'' p. 78〕 He was also related to Robert, Earl of Gloucester.〔Duggan "Reginald fitz Jocelin" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''〕 Savaric FitzGeldewin, Reginald's successor at Bath, was Reginald's father's second cousin.〔 Reginald's mother may have a member of the family of the counts of Maurienne. He was born and brought up in Italy, which led to him sometimes being referred to as Reginald Italus, Reginald Lombardus or Reginald the Lombard.〔 He was appointed Archdeacon of Wiltshire by his father before 8 December 1161, when he first signed a document as archdeacon.〔Greenway ''(Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: Volume 4: Salisbury: Archdeacons of Wiltshire )''〕 He served in Thomas Becket's household after Becket became archbishop, and by June 1164 was serving Becket's interests in France at both the court of the French King Louis VII and the papal Curia. It was probably in November 1164 that Louis named Reginald abbot of the Abbey of Corbeil.〔Barlow ''Thomas Becket'' p. 107〕
Reginald probably studied at Paris sometime during 1163 or 1164, as he had a letter of introduction from Pope Alexander III to Hugues de Champfleury, Bishop of Soissons, the chancellor of Louis VII. Reginald did not complete his studies for the title of master, however, as he was in service with the King of England by 1167.〔 He served King Henry II as a royal messenger to Rome during the crisis with Becket in 1167.〔 For the next four years, Reginald would be embroiled in the dispute and with trying to find a diplomatic solution to it.〔Barlow ''Thomas Becket'' p. 175〕 While serving Henry, Reginald incurred Becket's displeasure enough that Becket called Reginald "that offspring of fornication, that enemy to the peace of the Church, that traitor."〔 However, John of Salisbury always maintained friendly relations with both Reginald and his father, even though John was a partisan of Becket's.〔
Reginald took part in the negotiations in August and September 1169 that attempted to reach a settlement between Henry and Becket. These negotiations included papal nuncios and most of the Norman bishops and prominent abbots, as well as the royal clerks. However, the negotiations came to nothing, and led to Becket's castigation of Reginald.〔Barlow ''Thomas Becket'' pp. 189–92〕 Reginald was one of the main clerics working for King Henry during the dispute with Becket, along with John of Oxford, Richard of Ilchester, and Geoffrey Ridel. Henry's plans to reward the four with bishoprics in late 1170 probably precipitated the final crisis that led to Becket's murder.〔Barlow ''Thomas Becket'' pp. 223–4〕
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